Table 2 Psychosocial stressors and their linkage to menopausal symptoms across studies
Authors | Study title | Psychosocial stressors | Menopausal symptoms |
|---|---|---|---|
Sharps et al. | Knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and practices of African-American women toward menopausal health | Diverse SES levels | *HRT usage |
Hudson et al. | Symptom experience and self-care strategies among healthy, midlife African-American women | Race/Ethnicity | Fatigue, headaches, cramps, night sweats, depression |
Avis et al. | Is there a menopausal syndrome? Menopausal status and symptoms across racial/ethnic groups | Race/Ethnicity | Sleep problems, vasomotor symptoms, mood disturbances |
Bromberger et al. [35] | Psychologic distress and natural menopause: a multiethnic community study | Psychological distress | Earlier menopause, mood disturbances |
Bromberger et al. (2005) | Prospective study of the determinants of age at menopause | Self-Reported Stress, Lower SES | Earlier age at menopause |
DeMello et al. | Menopausal symptoms in the Southwest United States: A cross-sectional survey of women from different SES | Socioeconomic resources | Hot flashes, night sweats, joint pain, mood swings |
Gerber et al. | Hormone Therapy Use in Women Veterans Accessing Veterans Health Administration Care | Veteran status | Hormone therapy usage, menopausal symptom management |
Gibson et al. | Associations of Intimate Partner Violence, Sexual Assault, and PTSD with Menopause Symptoms | Intimate partner violence, Sexual assault, PTSD | Vasomotor symptoms, sleep disturbances, anxiety, depression |
Glazer et al. | The Ohio Midlife Women’s Study | Stress, health status | Vasomotor symptoms, mood disturbances |
Nosek et al. | The effects of perceived stress and attitudes toward menopause and aging on symptoms of menopause | Perceived stress | Hot flashes, night sweats, mood disturbances |
Palmer et al. | Onset of natural menopause in African American women | Experiences of racism | Earlier onset of natural menopause |
Thomas et al. | Changes in sexual function among midlife women: “I’m older… and I’m wiser” | Aging | Changes in sexual function |
Thurston et al. [31] | Childhood abuse or neglect is associated with increased vasomotor symptom reporting among midlife women | Childhood abuse, Neglect | Increased reporting of hot flashes and night sweats |
Thurston et al. (2010) | Beyond frequency: Who is most bothered by vasomotor symptoms? | Negative affect | Bother from vasomotor symptoms |
Woods et al. | Pathways to depressed mood for midlife women: Observations from the Seattle Midlife Women’s Health Study | Life context, Mental health status | Depressed mood, vasomotor symptoms |