Table 3 Component quality assessment rating of individual studies included in this systematic review
S. No | Study ID | Selection bias | Study design | Confounders | Blinding | Data collection | Withdrawals, drop outs | Quality Score | Quality level | Risk of Bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | (Babalola et al., 2006) | Weak | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Weak | Moderate | 1.33 | Weak | High risk |
2. | (Chege et al., 2004) (a) | Weak | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Moderate | 1.50 | Weak | High risk |
3. | (Chege et al., 2004) (b) | Weak | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Moderate | 1.50 | Weak | High risk |
4. | (Easton et al., 2002) | Weak | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Weak | 1.33 | Weak | High risk |
5. | (Diop and Askew, 2009) | Weak | Moderate | Moderate | Weak | Moderate | Strong | 1.83 | Moderate | Low risk |
6. | (Ouoba et al., 2004) | Weak | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Weak | 1.33 | Weak | High risk |
7. | (Asekun-Olarinmoye and Amusan, 2008) | Weak | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Weak | 1.33 | Weak | High risk |
8. | (Abdulah et al., 2019) | Weak | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Strong | 1.67 | Moderate | Low risk |
9. | (Vogt et al., 2016) | Moderate | Strong | Strong | Moderate | Moderate | Weak | 2.1 | Moderate | Low risk |
10. | (Diop et al., 2007) | Weak | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Weak | 1.33 | Weak | High risk |
11. | (Elliott et al., 2015) | Weak | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Weak | Moderate | 1.33 | Weak | High risk |
12. | (Barnawi, 2018) | Weak | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Moderate | 1.50 | Weak | High risk |
13. | (Evans, W.D, 2019) | Weak | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Moderate | 1.50 | Weak | High risk |
14. | (Mahgoub, E., 2019) | Weak | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Strong | 1.67 | Moderate | Low risk |
15. | (Mounir, G.M, 2003) | Weak | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Weak | 1.33 | Weak | High risk |
16. | (Ndavi P, 2024) | Moderate | Strong | Strong | Moderate | Moderate | Weak | 2.1 | Moderate | Low risk |
17. | Amusan, OA, 2008 | Weak | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Weak | Moderate | 1.33 | Weak | High risk |
18. | Khalil A, 2017 | Weak | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Moderate | 1.50 | Weak | High risk |
19. | Mojahed S, 2021 | Weak | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Moderate | 1.50 | Weak | High risk |