Table 4 Subgroup analysis of effectiveness of health education intervention on intention not to perform FGM/C in the future

Study participants

Both key decision makers and others

12

1.28 (0.94, 1.75)

97.6%

< 0.001

Only key decision makers

7

2.19 (1.59, 3.00)

87.9%

< 0.001

Study design

Randomized

2

1.27 (1.142, 1.41)

15.3%

0.277

Non randomized

17

1.61 (1.22, 2.10)

96.7%

< 0.00

Intervention content

Only health education

11

1.35 (0.95, 1.92)

97.7%

< 0.001

Health education and training/advocacy

8

3.75 (2.04, 6.88)

89.9%

< 0.001

Duration of intervention

Above 12 months

4

1.34 (0.86, 2.09)

96.2%

< 0.001

6–12 months

4

1.14 (0.61, 2.15)

97.8%

< 0.001

Below 6 months

11

1.28 (1.34, 2.64)

93.9%

< 0.001

Study setting

Institution based

8

1.81 (1.26, 2.59)

92.9%

< 0.000

Community based

11

1.41 (1.02, 1.94)

97.5%

< 0.000

Publication Period

2000–2005

6

1.55 (0.78, 3.09)

98.2%

< 0.000

2006–2010

4

1.11 (0.59, 2.08)

96.9%

< 0.000

2011–2015

2

2.69 (1.50, 4.84)

74.1%

0.050

2016–2020

5

1.58 (1.32, 1.89)

75.8%

0.002

2021 and above

2

2.04 (0.67, 6.22)

92.2%

< 0.000

Risk of bias

Low

5

1.74 (1.24, 2.43)

89.7%

< 0.000

High

14

1.51 (1.13, 2.02)

97.2%

< 0.000

Total

19

1.55 (1.24, 1.94)

96.4%

< 0.000