Variable | Groups | Before intervention | After intervention | P | Mean change | ANCOVA | Effect size (Cohen’s d) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P | η2p | |||||||
Knowledge | Intervention | 4.91 ± 2.92 | 6.84 ± 2.38 | 0.001 | 1.57 ± 3.09 | 0.362 | 0.011 | 0.11 |
Control | 5.05 ± 2.89 | 6.30 ± 1.82 | 0.002 | 1.23 ± 2.76 | ||||
P | 0.793 | 0.168 | - | 0.575 | ||||
Self-efficacy | Intervention | 25.55 ± 8.83 | 30.43 ± 9.79 | < 0.001 | 5.39 ± 6.91 | 0.012 | 0.052 | 0.40 |
Control | 24.42 ± 9.26 | 25.50 ± 9.79 | 0.025 | 2.38 ± 7.98 | ||||
P | 0.456 | 0.006 | - | 0.027 | ||||
BSE skills | Intervention | 3.88 ± 5.64 | 12.90 ± 7.54 | < 0.001 | 8.87 ± 7.07 | < 0.001 | 0.209 | 0.87 |
Control | 3.93 ± 5.89 | 6.86 ± 6.80 | 0.001 | 2.88 ± 6.64 | ||||
P | 0.961 | < 0.001 | - | < 0.001 |