Table 1 Six-step approach (Van Manen [35])
Steps | Description |
|---|---|
(1) “turning to the nature of lived experience” | formulating the research question |
(2) “investigating experience as we live it” | methods employed to investigate the lived experience |
(3) “reflecting on the essential themes which characterise the phenomenon” | reflecting on the themes identified from the data collected and capture the essential meaning of the lived experience |
(4) “describing the phenomenon in the art of writing and rewriting” | making visible feelings, thoughts, and attitudes of participants through writing |
(5) “maintaining a strong and orientated relation to the phenomenon” | researcher should remain focused on the research question |
(6) “balancing the research context by considering the parts and the whole” | significance that parts play in the total textual structure |