Table 1 The baseline characteristic of the population based on the type of Menopause
Variables | Total (n = 2,532, 100%) | Type of menopause | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Natural (n = 1,863, 73.6%) | Surgical (n = 669, 26.4%) | P-value | ||
Age (years) * | 62.80 ± 7.44 | 63.09 ± 7.59 | 62.00 ± 6.97 | 0.520 |
Educational status ** | ||||
No formal education | 490 (19.4%) | 385 (20.7%) | 105 (15.7%) | 0.076 |
Elementary school | 1,526 (60.3%) | 1,107 (59.5%) | 419 (62.6%) | |
Middle school | 257 (10.1%) | 181 (9.7%) | 76 (11.4%) | |
High school | 160 (6.3%) | 117 (6.3%) | 43 (6.4%) | |
College | 98 (3.9%) | 72 (3.8%) | 26 (3.9%) | |
BMI **,1 | ||||
Obese (30 kg/m2 ≤) | 1,301 (51.4%) | 934 (50.1%) | 367 (54.9%) | 0.020 |
Non-obese (< 30 Kg/m2) | 1,231 (48.6%) | 929 (49.9%) | 302 (44.1%) | |
Physical activity **,2 | ||||
Quantile 1 | 654 (25.8%) | 492 (26.4%) | 162 (24.2%) | 0.182 |
Quantile 2 | 626 (24.7%) | 448 (24.0%) | 178 (26.6%) | |
Quantile 3 | 619 (24.6%) | 469 (25.2%) | 150 (22.4%) | |
Quantile 4 | 633 (25.0%) | 454 (24.4%) | 179 (26.8%) | |
Depression **, 3 | ||||
With depressive symptoms | 610 (24.2%) | 428 (23.1%) | 182 (27.4%) | 0.027 |
Normal | 1,905 (75.8%) | 1,423 (76.9%) | 482 (72.6%) | |
Anxiety **, 4 | ||||
Abnormal | 452 (18.0%) | 316 (17.1%) | 136 (20.5%) | 0.107 |
Borderline | 459 (18.2%) | 335 (18.1%) | 124 (18.7%) | |
Normal | 1,604 (63.8%) | 1,200 (64.8%) | 404 (60.8%) | |
Underlying disease | ||||
Hypertension | 1,460 (58.4%) | 1,049 (57.0%) | 411 (62.45) | 0.016 |
Diabetes | 1,124 (44.4%) | 811 (43.5%) | 313 (46.8%) | 0.146 |
Cardiovascular diseases | 309 (12.5%) | 223 (12.2%) | 86 (13.1%) | 0.568 |
Malignancy | 56 (2.3%) | 30 (1.6%) | 26 (4.0%) | 0.001 |
PSQI global score *,5 | 8.91 ± 4.16 | 8.78 ± 4.10 | 9.29 ± 4.30 | 0.001 |
Sleep quality ** | ||||
Poor (PSQI > 5) | 2,047 (82.7%) | 1,497 (82.1%) | 550 (84.5%) | 0.170 |
Good (PSQI ≤ 5) | 427 (17.3%) | 326 (17.9%) | 101 (15.5%) | |
Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score * | 4.21 ± 3.04 | 4.21 ± 3.03 | 4.23 ± 3.06 | 0.717 |
Daytime sleepiness ** | ||||
Yes (ESS > 10) | 126 (5.0%) | 93 (5.0%) | 33 (4.9%) | 0.952 |
No (ESS ≤ 10) | 2,406 (95.0%) | 1,770 (95.0%) | 636 (95.1%) | |
Sleep-disordered breathing | ||||
Yes (Berlin questionnaire score ≥ 2) | 945 (38.9%) | 661 (37.1%) | 284 (43.9%) | 0.002 |
No (Berlin questionnaire score < 2) | 1,487 (61.1%) | 1,123 (62.9%) | 363 (56.1%) | |
Gravid* | 5.26 ± 2.63 | 5.33 ± 2.70 | 5.08 ± 2.44 | 0.086 |
Alive parity * | 4.62 ± 2.28 | 4.67 ± 2.35 | 4.47 ± 2.06 | 0.027 |
Age at menopause (years) * | 49.26 ± 20.89 | 50.14 ± 9.22 | 46.80 ± 37.54 | < 0.001 |
Oral Contraceptive drug** | ||||
Yes | 948 (37.5%) | 678 (36.4%) | 270 (40.4%) | 0.066 |
No | 1,582 (62.5%) | 1,184 (63.6%) | 398 (59.6%) | |
Hormone Therapy ** | ||||
Yes | 21 (0.9%) | 8 (0.5%) | 13 (2.2%) | < 0.001 |
No | 2,319 (99.1%) | 1,736 (99.5%) | 583 (97.8%) | |