The association between meat consumption and polycystic ovary syndrome in Iranian women: a case–control study

Darand, Mina; Ghorbani, Moloud; Ghadiri-Anari, Akram; Arabi, Vahid; Hosseinzadeh, Mahdieh

doi:10.1186/s12905-025-03695-2

BMC Women's Health

Table 3 Dietary intake of the study participants based on tertiles of meat intake ^{a, b}

From: The association between meat consumption and polycystic ovary syndrome in Iranian women: a case–control study

	Red meats			Organ meats			Processed meats			Poultry			Fish
	T1	T3	P^.1	T1	T3	P¹	T1	T3	P¹	T1	T3	P^.1	T1	T3	P¹
Energy(kcal)	1943.28 ± 797.50	2341.36 ±.671.93	0.022	1957.29 ± 628.66	2358.96 ± 779.19	0.001	1903 ± 675.43	2410.27 ± 801.83	< 0.001	1954.97 ± 656.78	2357.82 ± 805.56	<0.001	1923.89 ± 611.51	2313.21 ± 711.10	0.005
Carbohydrate(%)	62.51 ± 0.06	55.60 ± 0.07	<0.001	59 ± 0.07	58.33 ± 0.06	0.448	61.73 ± 0.05	56.93 ± 0.07	<0.001	59.97 ± 0.07	57.80 ± 0.07	0.148	57.30 ± 0.07	59.28 ± 0.07	0.022
Protein(%)	15.38 ± 0.03	16.65 ± 0.03	0.037	16.15 ± 0.02	15.89 ± 0.02	0.757	16.08 ± 0.02	15.55 ± 0.03	0.398	14.52 ± 0.02	17.55 ± 0.03	<0.001	15.67 ± 0.03	15.97 ± 0.02	0.497
Fat(%)	25.51 ± 0.05	30.99 ± 0.05	<0.001	27.93 ± 0.06	29.15 ± 0.06	0.241	25.58 ± 0.05	30.40 ± 0.05	<0.001	28.22 ± 0.06	28.54 ± 0.05	0.687	29.73 ± 0.05	28.06 ± 0.06	0.013
Cholesterol(mg)	99.86 ± 44.23	130.42 ± 40.28	0.001	118.18 ± 47.58	118.86 ± 42.83	0.761	116.68 ± 55.65	112.49 ± 44.38	0.568	116.34 ± 60.68	123.13 ± 42.87	0.260	118.87 ± 56.08	112.58 ± 45.28	0.672
Saturated fatty acid (gr)	8.32 ± 2.62	11.21 ± 2.25	<0.001	9.82 ± 3.10	9.73 ± 2.58	0.432	8.76 ± 2.70	9.99 ± 2.65	0.001	10 ± 2.94	9.51 ± 2.52	0.227	10.51 ± 2.80	9.21 ± 2.17	0.003
Monounsaturated fatty acid(gr)	8.12 ± 1.90	10.79 ± 2.36	<0.001	9.34 ± 2.72	9.72 ± 2.38	0.441	8.12 ± 2.19	10.50 ± 2.21	<0.001	9.29 ± 2.83	9.64 ± 2.31	0.603	10.01 ± 2.37	9.33 ± 2.94	0.029
Polyunsaturated fatty acid(gr)	11.30 ± 6.69	10.99 ± 7.90	0.949	10.78 ± 6.51	9.27 ± 4.59	0.001	11.55 ± 7.08	9.95 ± 5.46	0.196	12.31 ± 9.24	10.09 ± 4.89	0.149	11.42 ± 7.50	12.03 ± 8.11	0.291
Calcium(mg/1000 kcal)	405.43 ± 126.01	364.15 ± 91.58	0.079	398.57 ± 127.15	363.49 ± 89.88	0.156	411.26 ± 112.69	352.50 ± 113.15	0.005	420.75 ± 131.75	352.80 ± 91.71	<0.001	387.49 ± 117.21	379.58 ± 106.16	0.898
Iron(mg/1000 kcal)	22.05 ± 23.59	22.29 ± 34.95	0.298	24.07 ± 32.41	17.24 ± 23.99	0.219	24.30 ± 21.96	19.73 ± 33.03	0.117	16.92 ± 15.55	17.56 ± 21.40	0.011	18.05 ± 21.96	18.88 ± 23.07	0.315
VitaminA (mg/1000 kcal)	8.73 ± 7.12	10.83 ± 8.46	0.204	10.15 ± 9.05	9.74 ± 7.92	0. 385	11.48 ± 9.30	7.87 ± 6.65	0.011	9.80 ± 8.09	10.35 ± 8.52	0.168	10.26 ± 8.17	9.16 ± 7.29	0.591
Vitamin C (mg/1000 kcal)	86.01 ± 36.64	102.16 ± 52.66	0.078	92.83 ± 41.82	98.30 ± 42.18	0.341	98.71 ± 45.98	83.27 ± 38.41	0.085	91.14 ± 50.94	99.15 ± 42.94	0.249	86.93 ± 46.18	100.45 ± 42	0.174
Folate(mcg/1000 kcal)	145.07 ± 40.58	135.48 ± 36.25	0.289	143.36 ± 32.43	145.94 ± 43.34	0.052	146.09 ± 34.09	138.20 ± 39.40	0.225	133.88 ± 35.07	148.26 ± 37.79	0.046	134.38 ± 39.03	147.83 ± 35.78	0.087
Vitamin B6 (mg/1000 kcal)	0.83 ± 0.31	0.84 ± 0.26	0.692	0.85 ± 0.21	0.89 ± 0.31	0.045	0.89 ± 0.31	0.78 ± 0.19	0.041	0.84 ± 0.35	0.86 ± 0.18	0.556	0.82 ± 0.25	0.88 ± 0.32	0.328
Vitamin B12 (mcg/1000 kcal)	1.50 ± 0.61	2.14 ± 0.66	<0.001	1.73 ± 0.64	1.99 ± 0.85	0.046	1.77 ± 0.61	1.85 ± 0.61	0.760	1.82 ± 0.67	1.81 ± 082	0.992	1.73 ± 0.70	2.01 ± 0.79	0.023

^aData reported on mean ± SD
^bOne-way ANOVA, were used
^*Statistically significant difference (P-value < 0.05)

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