Table 2 Relationship between anxiety levels and participants’ sociodemographic, occupational, medical, and perinatal variables (N = 580)

Age (years) (mean SD)

32.16 ± 7.39

32.46 ± 8.02

31.28 ± 6.39

Children number (mean SD)

1.64 ± 1.87

1.67 ± 1.99

1.36 ± 1.45

Nationality

Saudi

206 (100)

278 (97.9)

88 (97.8)

Non-Saudi

0 (0.0)

6 (2.1)

2 (2.2)

Educational level

High school or less

3 (1.5)

83 (29.2)

28 (31.1)

Bachelor’s degree

139 (67.5)

192 (67.6)

60 (66.7)

Higher education (Diploma, Master’s degree, PhD)

3 (1.5)

9 (3.2)

2 (2.2)

Marital status

Widowed

1 (0.5)

3 (1.1)

0 (0.0)

Single

55 (26.7)

88 (31)

17 (18.9)

Married

140 (68)

179 (63)

65 (72.2)

Divorced

10 (4.9)

14 (4.9)

8 (8.9)

Current occupation

Healthcare practitioners and technical

71 (34.5)

96 (33.8)

34 (37.8)

Protective and security

2 (1)

0 (0.0)

1 (1.1)

Entertainment

0 (0.0)

3 (1.3)

0 (0.0)

Legal

4 (1.9)

10 (3.5)

1 (1.1)

Architecture and engineering

0 (0.0)

2 (0.7)

1 (1.1)

Office and administrative

50 (24.3)

74 (26.1)

25 (27.8)

Retail services and related

1 (0.5)

4 (1.4)

3 (3.3)

Business and financial operations or real estate

5 (2.4)

4 (1.4)

1 (1.1)

Education, training and library

49 (23.8)

60 (21.1)

14 (15.6)

Computer, mathematical and science

10 (4.9)

10 (3.5)

5 (5.6)

Hospitality accommodations and food services

2 (1)

2 (0.7)

0 (0.0)

Art, designs, and fashion

2 (1)

3 (1.1)

0 (0.0)

Community and social

2 (1)

3 (1.1)

2 (2.2)

Building cleaning and maintenance

0 (0.0)

1 (0.4)

0 (0.0)

Other

8 (3.9)

12 (4.2)

3 (3.3)

Work sector

Public

138 (67)

190 (66.9)

58 (64.4)

Private

68 (33)

94 (33.1)

32 (35.6)

Work experience (years)

6.98 ± 6.46

7.41 ± 6.98

6.25 ± 4.61

Monthly income (Saudi riyals)

< 6000

38 (18.4)

51 (18)

17 (18.9)

6000–10,000

68 (33)

90 (1.7)

27 (30)

11,000–20,000

61 (29.6)

96 (33.8)

32 (35.6)

21,000–30,000

28 (13.6)

34 (12)

9 (10)

> 30,000

11 (5.3)

13 (4.6)

5 (5.6)

Working hours per week

Part-time: 30–35 h

53 (25.7)

78 (27.5)

20 (22.2)

Full time: 40–45 h

133(64.6)

168 (59.2)

62 (68.9)

Extra time: 50–55

14 (8.6)

29 (120.2)

6 (6.7)

Overtime: more than 60 h

6 (2.9)

9 (3.2)

2 (2.2)

Diagnosed with a chronic disease

No

178 (86.4)

238 (83.8)

75 (83.3)

Yes

28 (13.6)

46 (16.2)

15 (16.7)

Diagnosed psychiatric disorder

No

191 (92.7)

234 (82.4)

69 (76.7)

Yes

15 (7.3)

50 (17.6)

21 (23.3)

If yes, specify:

Depression

12 (5.8)

37 (13)

13 (14.4)

Anxiety

19 (4.4)

35 (12.3)

17 (18.9)

Eating disorder

0 (0.0)

4 (1.4)

3 (3.3)

ADHD

0 (0.0)

1 (0.4)

0 (0.0)

Borderline personality disorder

0 (0.0)

1 (0.4)

0 (0.0)

Smoker

No

195 (94.7)

270 (95.1)

79 (87.8)

Yes

11 (5.3)

14 (4.9)

11 (12.2)

Recreational drugs use

No

205 (99.5)

Yes

1 (0.5)

Alcohol use

No

202 (98.1)

284 (100)

90 (100)

Yes

4 (1.9)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

History of pregnancy

No

89 (43.2)

127 (44.7)

37 (41.1)

Yes

117 (56.8)

157 (55.3)

53 (58.9)

Currently pregnant

No

179 (86.9)

248 (87.3)

74 (82.2)

Yes

27 (13.1)

36 (12.7)

16 (17.8)

If yes, which trimester?

1st Trimester

8 (3.9)

11 (3.9)

6 (6.7)

2nd Trimester

8 (3.9)

15 (5.3)

4 (4.4)

3rd Trimester

10 (4.9)

10 (3.5)

6 (6.7)

Total number of pregnancies (mean ± SD)

2.8 ± 2

2.74 ± 2.25

2.02 ± 1.44

Did you need to take a maternity leave?

No

40 (19.4)

44 (15.5)

13 (14.4)

Yes

94 (45.6)

142 (50)

48 (53.3)

If yes, did you need an additional leave?

No

37 (18)

48 (16.9)

14 (15.6)

Yes

56 (27.2)

95 (33.5)

34 (37.8)